Avaya Configuring OSI Services User Manual

Part No. 303535-A Rev 00October 1998BayRS Version 13.00Site Manager Software Version 7.00 Configuring OSI Services

x303535-A Rev 00Figure 4-6. OSI External Address Adjacency List Window ...4-26Figure 4-7. OSI External Address Ad

Configuring OSI Services4-26303535-A Rev 00Figure 4-6. OSI External Address Adjacency List WindowContinue to the following sections to add, remove, co

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-27 Figure 4-7. OSI External Address Adjacency Configuration Window2.Define the static external address

Configuring OSI Services4-28303535-A Rev 00 Parameter: External Address (hex) Default: None Options: Any valid address Function: Specifies the destina

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-29 Parameter: External Address Metric Default: 20 Options: 1 to 63 Function: Specifies the relative c

Configuring OSI Services4-30303535-A Rev 00Editing Static External Address AdjacenciesTo edit a static external address adjacency:1.Select the adjacen

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-31 Configuring Static RoutesYou configure static routes when you want to control which path the router

Configuring OSI Services4-32303535-A Rev 00Adding Static RoutesTo add a static route:1.Click on Add in the OSI Static Routes window (refer to Figure 4

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-33 Parameter: Destination NSAP Address (hex) Default: None Options: Any valid NSAP address Function:

Configuring OSI Services4-34303535-A Rev 00 Parameter: Default Route Metric Default: 20 Options: 1 to 1023 Function: Specifies the default metric (rel

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-35 5.Click on Done.Deleting Static RoutesTo delete a static route:1.Select the static route that you w

303535-A Rev 00xiTablesTable 1-1. OSI Reference Model and Common ISO Standards ...1-3Table 1-2. NSAP Address Structure (A

Configuring OSI Services4-36303535-A Rev 00 Parameter: Target Identifier Default: None Options: Any text string from 4 to 40 characters (spaces not al

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-37 Parameter: Start Sequence Number Default: 1 Options: 1 to 65535 Function: Each TARP packet that th

Configuring OSI Services4-38303535-A Rev 00 Parameter: Tarp T1 Timer Default: 15 Options: 1 to 3600 Function: Specifies the number of seconds that the

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-39 Editing TARP Circuit ParametersTo edit TARP circuit parameters:1.Select Protocols > OSI > Tar

Configuring OSI Services4-40303535-A Rev 00 Parameter: Circuit Originate Pkts Default: Enable Options: Enable | Disable Function: Specifies whether th

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-41 Parameter: Enable Default: Enable Options: Enable | Disable Function: Enables the adjacency specif

Configuring OSI Services4-42303535-A Rev 00Configuring TARP to Ignore a Static AdjacencyTo configure TARP to ignore a defined static adjacency:1.Selec

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-43 Parameter: Ignore Adjacent NSAP Address Default: None Options: Any valid NSAP address Function: Sp

Configuring OSI Services4-44303535-A Rev 00Using the Technician Interface to View TARP Data CachesThe following commands display TARP data caches:Dele

303535-A Rev 00A-1 Appendix AIP-to-X.121 Address Mapping for DDNThis appendix describes how to convert an IP address to an X.121 address if you are co

Configuring OSI ServicesA-2303535-A Rev 00IP-to-X.121 Address Mapping This section defines a standard way of converting IP addresses to CCITT (now ITU

IP-to-X.121 Address Mapping for DDN303535-A Rev 00A-3 BackgroundAll Internet hosts are assigned a four-octet (32-bit) address composed of a network fi

Configuring OSI ServicesA-4303535-A Rev 00The different classes of Internet addresses* are illustrated:Class A:• The highest-order bit is set to 0.• 7

IP-to-X.121 Address Mapping for DDN303535-A Rev 00A-5 Class B:• The two highest-order bits are set to 1-0.• 14 bits define the network number.• 16 bit

Configuring OSI ServicesA-6303535-A Rev 00Class C:• The three highest-order bits are set to 1-1-0.• 21 bits define the network number.• 8 bits define

IP-to-X.121 Address Mapping for DDN303535-A Rev 00A-7 Standard IP to X.121 Address MappingThis section describes the algorithm that you use to convert

Configuring OSI ServicesA-8303535-A Rev 00Example For h > or = 64:If the host field (h) is greater than or equal to 64, the address corresponds to

IP-to-X.121 Address Mapping for DDN303535-A Rev 00A-9 ExampleWhere r = h * 256 + iClass B For Class B IP addresses, the h and i fields will always con

Configuring OSI ServicesA-10303535-A Rev 00Where r = h * 256 + iClass CFor Class C IP addresses, the h and i fields will always consist of 4 bits, eac

303535-A Rev 00B-1 Appendix BSite Manager Default Settings for OSIThis appendix contains the Site Manager default parameter settings for OSI and TARP.

303535-A Rev 00xiii PrefaceThis guide describes Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) architecture and services and what you do to start and customize OS

Configuring OSI ServicesB-2303535-A Rev 00L2 LSP Password NoneArea Address (hex) 0x490040Max # Learned End Systems 1024Max # Learned L1 Intermediate S

Site Manager Default Settings for OSI303535-A Rev 00B-3 Table B-5. OSI Static End System Adjacency ParametersParameter DefaultEnable EnableESID NoneSN

Configuring OSI ServicesB-4303535-A Rev 00Parameter DefaultPkt Lifetime 25Start Sequence Number 1Tarp Data Cache EnableTarp L2 Data Cache EnableTarp T

303535-A Rev 00Index-1Aacronyms, xvaddress conversion, IP to X.121, A-1addressing authority, 1-6administrative domain, 1-4ANSI, 1-6area addressconfigu

Index-2303535-A Rev 00End System to Intermediate System Routing Exchange Protocol, 1-23 to 1-26end systems, 1-3, 1-6external domain, 2-7external routi

303535-A Rev 00Index-3mixed access circuit mode, frame relay, 2-11Nneighbor detection, 2-14network addressing domain, 1-6NSAP addressarea address, 1-1

Index-4303535-A Rev 00OSI parameters (continued)global (continued)Max # Learned L2 Intermediate Systems, 4-11Router ID, 4-5Router Type, 4-5interfaceCi

303535-A Rev 00Index-5static route (continued)copying, 4-34deleting, 4-35editing, 4-34static route parametersDefault Route Metric, 4-34Destination NSA

Configuring OSI Servicesxiv303535-A Rev 00Text ConventionsThis guide uses the following text conventions:angle brackets (< >) Indicate that you

Preface303535-A Rev 00xv AcronymsAAI administrative authority identifierACSE association control service elementAFI authority and format identifierANS

Configuring OSI Servicesxvi303535-A Rev 00ILI Intelligent Link InterfaceIP Internet ProtocolIS-IS intermediate system to intermediate systemISO Intern

Preface303535-A Rev 00xvii Bay Networks Technical PublicationsYou can now print Bay Networks technical manuals and release notes free, directly from t

303535-A Rev 001-1 Chapter 1OSI OverviewThis chapter provides a general overview of OSI networking and describes how OSI routing services for Bay Netw

ii303535-A Rev 004401 Great America Parkway 8 Federal StreetSanta Clara, CA 95054 Billerica, MA 01821Copyright © 1998 Bay Networks, Inc.All rights res

Configuring OSI Services1-2303535-A Rev 00OSI Basic Reference ModelOSI is a nonproprietary distributed processing architecture. The International Orga

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-3 Table 1-1. OSI Reference Model and Common ISO StandardsOSI Network OrganizationAn OSI network is made up of end systems

Configuring OSI Services1-4303535-A Rev 00• Intermediate systems originate and receive data, as well as forward (route) data. The Bay Networks OSI rou

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-5 You can configure a Bay Networks router running OSI to function as an L1 router, an L2 router, or an L1/L2 router (Figu

Configuring OSI Services1-6303535-A Rev 00Level 2 RoutingLevel 2 routing exchanges data with systems located in a different area. In addition, L2 rout

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-7 Figure 1-3. Hierarchical Addressing Authority Structure NSAP StructureThe basic NSAP address structure reflects the hie

Configuring OSI Services1-8303535-A Rev 00Figure 1-4. Basic NSAP Address StructureThe IDP consists of an Authority and Format Identifier (AFI) and an

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-9 Figure 1-5. GOSIP NSAP Address FormatThe AFI for these NSAP addresses is 47, which shows that the network belongs to an

Configuring OSI Services1-10303535-A Rev 00Similarly, if you register your OSI network with ANSI, it is assigned to the ISO Data Country Code (DCC) 84

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-11 Figure 1-6. ANSI NSAP Address FormatThe AFI for these NSAP addresses is 39, which shows that the network is registered

303535-A Rev 00iiiBay Networks, Inc. Software License AgreementNOTICE: Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the accom

Configuring OSI Services1-12303535-A Rev 00The IDP and the first part of the DSP (called the high-order part of the DSP) are the NSAP’s area address.

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-13 Figure 1-7. NSAP Area Address When a router receives a packet, it examines the contents of the packet’s NSAP destinati

Configuring OSI Services1-14303535-A Rev 002.Assigned identifiers to the campus routing domain and local areas as follows: Campus Routing Domain Ident

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-15 Because Area A and Area B are not linked to any areas outside of the campus routing domain, the administrator obtained

Configuring OSI Services1-16303535-A Rev 00Figure 1-9. Assigning NSAP AddressesSimilarly, after receiving the AAI for the campus network from the ICD

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-17 OSI Basic Routing AlgorithmThe OSI routing algorithm is based on link state information. Each OSI router periodically

Configuring OSI Services1-18303535-A Rev 00Update ProcessIn an OSI network, every router must decide which systems it can reach directly. It finds out

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-19 OSI routers generate LSPs periodically and also when there is a change in the network topology. For example, in Figure

Configuring OSI Services1-20303535-A Rev 00The router refers to its link state databases when deciding the shortest path between itself and all other

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-21 Figure 1-11. Lowest Cost Path (Router A to B to ES)Once the router determines the lowest-cost path to a destination, i

iv303535-A Rev 00its own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedures apart from the Software to reconstruct lost or altered files, d

Configuring OSI Services1-22303535-A Rev 00• When an L1/L2 router receives a packet, it checks its L2 forwarding database to see which L1/L2 router is

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-23 A router partitions a CLNP packet into two or more new packets (segments) if the size of the packet is greater than th

Configuring OSI Services1-24303535-A Rev 00End systems generate Hello packets that contain the end system’s subnetwork address, and specify which NSAP

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-25 Figure 1-12. Route RedirectingIf the next hop is either a destination system or another router on the same subnetwork,

Configuring OSI Services1-26303535-A Rev 00The router sends the RD packet back to the originating end system, which has the option of using the RD pac

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-27 For example, when an L1 router receives a data packet, it compares the destination area address in the packet with its

Configuring OSI Services1-28303535-A Rev 00Inter-Domain RoutingInter-domain routing is possible when paths to other domains are statically defined. To

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-29 How TARP WorksTARP resolves the NSAP-to-TID mapping by flooding requests that network management stations originate th

Configuring OSI Services1-30303535-A Rev 00TARP Packet FieldsEach TARP packet includes the following fields (Table 1-6):Table 1-6. TARP Packet Fields

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-31 Originating TARP RequestsFor the router to act as a TARP client, it must be able to originate all five types of packet

303535-A Rev 00vContents PrefaceBefore You Begin ...

Configuring OSI Services1-32303535-A Rev 00Receiving TARP RequestsAfter OSI processes an inbound OSI packet and determines that it is a TARP packet, t

OSI Overview303535-A Rev 001-33 Loop DetectionTo prevent TARP storms and recursive loops in a looped topology, TARP maintains a loop detection buffer

303535-A Rev 002-1 Chapter 2OSI Implementation NotesThis chapter contains information about configuring Bay Network routers with special network consi

Configuring OSI Services2-2303535-A Rev 00Configuring Manual Area AddressesManual area addresses are synonymous area addresses configured on the same

OSI Implementation Notes303535-A Rev 002-3 Figure 2-2. Manual Area Address 456 Assigned to All Routers in Area XY2.Assign the area address 456 to thos

Configuring OSI Services2-4303535-A Rev 00Figure 2-3. Manual Area Address 456 Assigned to Specific End Systems3.Finally, to divide area XY completely,

OSI Implementation Notes303535-A Rev 002-5 Figure 2-4. Area XY Divided into Area X and Area YSee “Configuring Manual Area Addresses” on page 4-19 for

Configuring OSI Services2-6303535-A Rev 00Figure 2-5 demonstrates an improper network design. Figure 2-5. Routers B and C in an Area Partition Due to

OSI Implementation Notes303535-A Rev 002-7 Configuring Static External AdjacenciesA static external adjacency links an L1/L2 router to an address in a

vi303535-A Rev 00Inter-Domain Routing ...1-28OSI and TARP ...

Configuring OSI Services2-8303535-A Rev 00Configuring DECnet IV to V TransitionYou can only access the DECnet IV to V Transition parameters using OSI.

OSI Implementation Notes303535-A Rev 002-9 Frame Relay Circuit ModesThe Bay Networks implementation of OSI over frame relay operates as a subnetwork i

Configuring OSI Services2-10303535-A Rev 00OSI point-to-point operation over frame relay uses circuit bandwidth more efficiently than OSI broadcast op

OSI Implementation Notes303535-A Rev 002-11 Mixed Access You can mix both group and direct access mode in a configuration as long as you do not violat

Configuring OSI Services2-12303535-A Rev 00Figure 2-9. Full Mesh TopologyIf a router fails or the link to the frame relay network fails, the topology

OSI Implementation Notes303535-A Rev 002-13 Figure 2-10. Partial Mesh in Hub and Spoke TopologyA PVC that goes down will only cause communication fail

Configuring OSI Services2-14303535-A Rev 00Designated Router SelectionOSI over group access frame relay uses the highest system ID for designated rout

OSI Implementation Notes303535-A Rev 002-15 2.Configure OSI.See Chapter 3 for initial OSI configuration information.3.Create at least one PVC by setti

303535-A Rev 003-1 Chapter 3Enabling OSI and TARP ServicesThis chapter describes how to enable OSI and TARP by specifying values for required paramete

303535-A Rev 00viiChapter 3 Enabling OSI and TARP ServicesChapter 4 Editing OSI and TARP ParametersAccessing OSI Parameters ...

Configuring OSI Services3-2303535-A Rev 004.Specify the router ID.See the Router ID (hex) parameter description on page 3-3.5.If necessary, specify th

Enabling OSI and TARP Services303535-A Rev 003-3 This section describes OSI configuration parameters. Parameter: Router ID (hex) Default: None Options

Configuring OSI Services3-4303535-A Rev 00 Parameter: Area Address (hex) Default: 0x490040 Options: Any valid OSI area address entered in hexadecimal

Enabling OSI and TARP Services303535-A Rev 003-5 This section describes the required TARP global parameter. Parameter: Target Identifier Default: None

303535-A Rev 004-1 Chapter 4Editing OSI and TARP ParametersAfter you enable an OSI interface, you can use Site Manager to edit OSI parameters and cust

Configuring OSI Services4-2303535-A Rev 00Accessing OSI ParametersYou access all OSI parameters from the Configuration Manager window (Figure 4-1). Re

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-3 The Technician Interface lets you modify parameters by issuing set and commit commands that specify

Configuring OSI Services4-4303535-A Rev 00Figure 4-2. Edit OSI Global Parameters Window2.Edit the parameters, using the descriptions that follow as a

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-5 Parameter: Router Type Default: Level 1 and Level 2 Options: Level 1 | Level 1 and Level 2 Function

viii303535-A Rev 00Appendix A IP-to-X.121 Address Mapping for DDNIP-to-X.121 Address Mapping ...

Configuring OSI Services4-6303535-A Rev 00 Parameter: Load Balancing Default: False Options: True | False Function: Specifies whether the router shoul

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-7 Parameter: Max # L1 Intermediate Systems Default: 15 Options: 1 to 1000 Function: Specifies the max

Configuring OSI Services4-8303535-A Rev 00 Parameter: IS Checksum Default: Enable Options: Enable | Disable Function: Enables or disables the generati

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-9 Parameter: L2 LSP Password Default: None Options: Any text string, 8 characters maximum Function: A

Configuring OSI Services4-10303535-A Rev 00 Parameter: Area Address (hex) Default: 0x490040 Options: Any area address entered in hexadecimal format th

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-11 Parameter: Max # Learned L1 Intermediate Systems Default: 64 Options: 1 to 4000 Function: Specifie

Configuring OSI Services4-12303535-A Rev 00Editing OSI Interface ParametersTo edit an OSI interface:1.Select Protocols > OSI > Interfaces in the

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-13 5.Exit the window by clicking on Done. Site Manager returns you to the Configuration Manager window

Configuring OSI Services4-14303535-A Rev 00 Parameter: L1 Default Metric Default: 20 Options: 1 to 63 Function: Specifies the default metric (relative

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-15 Parameter: L2 Default Metric Default: 20 Options: 1 to 63 Function: Specifies the relative cost of

303535-A Rev 00ixFiguresFigure 1-1. OSI Network Organization ...1-4Figure 1-2. L1

Configuring OSI Services4-16303535-A Rev 00 Parameter: L2 Designated Router Priority Default: 64 Options: 1 to 127 Function: Specifies which L2 router

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-17 Parameter: IIH Hello Timer Default: 8 Options: 2 | 4 | 8 | 15 | 30 | 60 | 120 | 300 | 600 | 1800 |

Configuring OSI Services4-18303535-A Rev 00 Parameter: Circuit Password Default: None Options: Any text string, 8 characters maximum Function: Assigns

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-19 Parameter: Redirect Enable/Disable Default: Enable Options: Enable | Disable Function: Specifies w

Configuring OSI Services4-20303535-A Rev 004.Click on OK. The OSI Area Address Configuration window displays the new address.5.Repeat steps 2 through

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-21 Configuring Static End System AdjacenciesYou must define a static end system adjacency with any end

Configuring OSI Services4-22303535-A Rev 00Adding a Static End System AdjacencyTo add a static end system adjacency:1.Click on Add in the OSI Static E

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-23 Parameter: Enable Default: Enable Options: Enable | Disable Function: Enables the end system adjac

Configuring OSI Services4-24303535-A Rev 00Copying a Static End System AdjacencyTo copy a static end system adjacency:1.Click on the adjacency that yo

Editing OSI and TARP Parameters303535-A Rev 004-25 Deleting a Static End System AdjacencyTo delete a static end system adjacency:1.Select the adjacenc