Avaya Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network User Manual

Connecting ASN Routers andBNX Platforms to a Network Router Software Version 10.0Site Manager Software Version 4.0Software Version BNX 6.0Site Manage

Glossary-2Flash MemoryRemovable Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) standard memory card. The ASN uses a flash memory card

Index-1Aaddress. See IP addressaddresses window, BOOTP, 3-17AIXBOOTPD, 2-2TFTPD access, 2-9analyzing packetson a router, A-7on the BOOTP server, A-8ap

Index-2BOOTPDcopying, 2-2debugger tool, A-11linking to TFTPD, 2-9send and receive sockets, 2-2bootpd.dmp file, A-11bootptab file, 2-3 to 2-7debugging, A

Index-3EZ-Install, 1-5 to 1-11initial startup option, 1-16requirements, 1-3summary, 1-3troubleshooting, A-2 to A-5Ffailureboot, A-15BOOTP requests, A-

Index-4IP addressassigning manually, 1-15, 1-17DLCI, 3-19 to 3-21failure, A-2getting automatically, 1-5 to 1-9input parameter, 3-18manual assignment,

Index-5Netbooting, 1-9 to 1-11configuring an interface for, 3-1, 4-1ifconfig command, 3-1, 4-1in an Ethernet LAN, 3-13netstat command, 2-11, A-14network

Index-6startup optionscomparing, 1-14displaying, A-9initial, 1-12EZ-Install, 1-16Netboot, 1-17, 1-18routineDirected Netboot, 1-14Local Boot, 1-14, 1-1

xi Tables Table 1-1. Summary of Boot Options ...1-3Table 1-2. Sample BOOTP Clien

xiii About This Guide This guide shows how to boot a Bay Networks Access Stack Node (ASN™) router or BNX platform over a network interface to connect

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Networkxiv • The WAN Suite includes ATM DXI, Frame Relay, LAPB, and X.25, in addition to the System S

About This Guidexv Before You Begin Before using this guide, you (or a person at the router site) must install the ASN hardware as described in the m

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Networkxvi Bay Networks Customer Support Bay Networks provides live telephone technical support to our

About This Guidexvii • In Germany, call 0130-37-32. • In Europe (except for the United Kingdom and Germany), call (44) 272-760681.• Outside the U.S.,

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Networkxviii Conventions This section describes the conventions used in this guide.angle brackets (<

About This Guidexix Ordering Bay Networks Publications To purchase additional copies of this document or other Bay Networks publications, order by pa

4401 Great America Parkway 8 Federal StreetSanta Clara, CA 95054 Billerica, MA 01821 Copyright © 1988–1996 Bay Networks, Inc. All rights reserved. Pr

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Networkxx SPEX Stack Packet ExchangeTCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet ProtocolTELNET Teleco

1-1 Chapter 1Selecting a Boot Configuration This chapter helps you select a method for starting an ASN router or BNX platforms, either at the initial

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network1-2 Router Management Tools You configure and manage an ASN using• The Technician Interface , a

Selecting a Boot Configuration1-3 To initially start up the ASN, you can use one of these options:• EZ-Install (the default) • Netboot• Local BootT

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network1-4 Netboot Network (Synchronous or Ethernet connection)Network (Synchronous or Ethernet connect

Selecting a Boot Configuration1-5The Network Boot ProcessThis section describes the boot process for the network boot options. For information on the

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network1-6Obtaining the IP Address Automatically (EZ-Install)During the EZ-Install process, the router o

Selecting a Boot Configuration1-7Figure 1-1. Getting an IP Address from a Bay Networks Standard Circuit or a Frame Relay PVC in Direct Access Modeb. A

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network1-8Figure 1-2. Getting an Address from a PVC in Group Access ModeThe upstream router receives the

Selecting a Boot Configuration1-96. The upstream router sends the IP address and subnet mask to the booting router in a BOOTP response message.7. The

Bay Networks, Inc. 4401 Great America Parkway, Santa Clara, CA 950548 Federal Street, Billerica, MA 01821 Bay Networks Software License This Software

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network1-10Figure 1-3. Getting the Pathnames of the Software Image and Configuration Files3. The ASN send

Selecting a Boot Configuration1-11Figure 1-4. Getting the Startup Files7. The router boots.8. The router uses TFTP to get application files as it needs

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network1-12Selecting the Startup MethodUse the information in the following sections to choose the boot

Selecting a Boot Configuration1-13NetbootYou can use Netboot if• The ASN has a communications link to an upstream router over an Ethernet, HDLC, or Fr

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network1-14Booting the Router RoutinelyThis section compares the Netboot, Directed Netboot, and Local Bo

Selecting a Boot Configuration1-15You use the ifconfig and bconfig commands with the Technician Interface or Site Manager to define• The IP address of th

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network1-16Completing a Network Boot OptionThis section lists the steps required for• EZ-Install• Netboo

Selecting a Boot Configuration1-17If the configuration file meets your network requirements, the ASN starts bridging and routing traffic.You can use the

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network1-18If the configuration file meets your network requirements, the router starts bridging and routi

2-1Chapter 2Setting Up a UNIX Boot ServerTo support network booting, you need to set up a UNIX workstation on the network. This chapter describes what

Bay Networks, Inc. 4401 Great America Parkway, Santa Clara, CA 950548 Federal Street, Billerica, MA 01821 Bay Networks Software License (continued)

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network2-2Copying the BOOTPD Program on Sun WorkstationsDepending on the operating system you use, Bay N

Setting Up a UNIX Boot Server2-33. Insert the following line anywhere in the file to configure your workstation as a BOOTP server:bootps dgram udp wait

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network2-45.After editing the bootptab file, be sure to save the changes.Editing the bootptab FileEnter a

Setting Up a UNIX Boot Server2-5Table 2-1 lists the tags for router host names. Table 2-2 lists the tags for boot image names.Table 2-1. BOOTPD Tags f

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network2-6The sample bootptab file in Figure 2-1 enables two ASNs (named “ASN.Boston” and “ASN.Chicago”)

Setting Up a UNIX Boot Server2-7# This file contains the default specification for the boot# image file to be used by all ASNs.# "general" c

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network2-8Verifying Consistent BOOTP ServiceYou may want to configure a second workstation as a BOOTP ser

Setting Up a UNIX Boot Server2-9Restricting TFTPD Access to a Specified DirectoryTo restrict TFTPD file access to a specific directory, insert the approp

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network2-102.Enter the following commands:cd tftpbootln -s . usrln -s . tftpbootAdding a T

Setting Up a UNIX Boot Server2-11You may want to specify a static route in a multihop environment or in an environment using routing protocols such as

v Contents About This Guide Software Suites ...

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network2-12Issuing a Hang-Up SignalIssue a hang-up signal as follows:1. Log in as root.2. Execute the fo

3-1Chapter 3Configuring Network BootingThis chapter describes how to use Site Manager to configure network booting for routers in the network. Sections

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network3-2Preparing Configuration and Image FilesUnless the ASN will use the default (generic) configurati

Configuring Network Booting3-3Preparing an ImageIf you want the ASN to automatically boot a network image when starting up (using EZ-Install, Netboot,

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network3-4Enabling Netboot or Directed NetbootBy default, the router obtains its software image from its

Configuring Network Booting3-5Figure 3-2. Edit Netboot Global Parameters Window2.To enable Netboot, specify Enable for at least one of the first two pa

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network3-6Netboot and Directed Netboot Parameters Parameter: Boot Image From Network Default: Disable Op

Configuring Network Booting3-7 Parameter: Boot Config From Network Default: Enable Options: Enable | Disable Function: Enables or disables retrieval of

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network3-8 Parameter: Boot Image Pathname Default: None Options: A valid image file pathname Function: Wh

Configuring Network Booting3-9Configuring a Netboot InterfaceWhen you enable Netboot or Directed Netboot, you must configure one or more of the ASN’s ci

viBooting the Router Routinely ...1-14Netboot ...

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network3-10Figure 3-4. Netboot Interface Window3.Enter the appropriate slot number, module number, and p

Configuring Network Booting3-11Netboot Interface Parameters Parameter: Slot Number Default: None Range: 1 to 4 Function: Specifies the assigned slot n

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network3-12 Parameter: Connector IP Address Default: None Options: Any valid IP address Function: Specifi

Configuring Network Booting3-13 Parameter: Connector Protocol Mask Default: Point to Point Options: Point to Point | Point to Point Internal Clock | F

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network3-14Enabling Relay InterfacesYou must enable BOOTP relay (also called BOOTP pass-through or gatew

Configuring Network Booting3-15Creating BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding TablesYou must create a BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table for every router passi

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network3-16Figure 3-7. BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table WindowClick on Help or refer to Configuring SNMP

Configuring Network Booting3-17Figure 3-8. BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table Window3.Click on Add. The BOOTP Addresses window appears (Figure 3-9).Fi

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network3-18The BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table window lists the connector and input IP address on the

Configuring Network Booting3-19Creating a BOOTP Client Interface TableThe upstream router is a booting router’s next-hop router. By default, the booti

viiNetboot and Directed Netboot Parameters ...3-6Configuring a Netboot Interface ...

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network3-20Figure 3-10. BOOTP Client Interface Table Window2.Click on Add. The BOOTP Client Interface Ad

Configuring Network Booting3-21The BOOTP Client Interface Table window now lists the client IP address and DLCI number you added.5. Click on Done to e

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network3-22What to Do NextIf you have not already done so, you must complete the steps in Chapter 2 to c

4-1Chapter 4Setting Up an ASN as a Network Boot ClientBefore an ASN can complete Netboot or Directed Netboot, you must configure at least one of its sy

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network4-2Configuring the Router Boot SourceTo use Netboot, you use the bconfig command to specify the IP

Setting Up an ASN as a Network Boot Client4-3bconfig Command Examples1. Configure the default Netboot behavior — use a local image file and look for the

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network4-44. Use a local boot image file and Directed Netboot for the configuration file.bconfig image local

Setting Up an ASN as a Network Boot Client4-5Table 4-2. ifconfig Command Settings for a Synchronous Interface Setting DescriptionSlot Setting-s<slot

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network4-6Configuring an Ethernet Interface for Network BootingTo configure an ASN Ethernet interface for

Setting Up an ASN as a Network Boot Client4-7Enabling and Disabling Interfaces with ifconfigTo enable an ASN interface for the network boot process or

viiiIdentifying Remote Connectivity Problems ... A-6Displaying Messages from the AS

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network4-8What to Do NextYou can now boot the ASN over the network, assuming that you already• Configured

A-1Appendix ATroubleshooting Network Boot ProblemsFor most troubleshooting information, use the manual Troubleshooting Routers. However, for problems

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a NetworkA-2Solving Startup ProblemsThis section identifies and recommends procedures for isolating and cor

Troubleshooting Network Boot ProblemsA-3Upstream Router Not Sending BOOTP ResponsesIf the upstream router is receiving BOOTP request messages but fail

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a NetworkA-4Contact your local Bay Networks Technical Response Center if you perform the instructions in t

Troubleshooting Network Boot ProblemsA-5BOOTP Server Not Sending BOOTP ResponsesIf the BOOTP server is receiving BOOTP requests but failing to respond

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a NetworkA-6Do the following:1. Make sure that you have at least one interface configured, after booting, t

Troubleshooting Network Boot ProblemsA-7Displaying Statistics and Error MessagesUse the Statistics Manager Quick Get tool or the Technician Interface

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a NetworkA-8Using a LAN Protocol Analyzer: GuidelinesRefer to the following guidelines when you use a LAN

Troubleshooting Network Boot ProblemsA-9Displaying the ASN’s Parameter SettingsDisplay the router parameter settings to determine• Whether the ASN is

ix Figures Figure 1-1. Getting an IP Address from a Bay Networks Standard Circuit or a Frame Relay PVC in Direct Access Mode ...

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a NetworkA-10The possible boot image and boot config settings are network and local. If the setting is net

Troubleshooting Network Boot ProblemsA-11If you enter this command after a Technician Interface prompt, save the change to the configuration file in the

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a NetworkA-12The sample messages in Table A-1 show the sequence of messages when a BOOTP exchange is succe

Troubleshooting Network Boot ProblemsA-13You can place these files in any directory you want. The Image Builder automatically generates the kernel imag

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a NetworkA-14Displaying the BOOTP Server’s IP RoutesEnter the following command at the UNIX command line o

Troubleshooting Network Boot ProblemsA-153. To display the number of packets dropped, selectwfBootpRelayIntfHopsDropsTechnician Interface Instructions

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a NetworkA-16If an ASN fails to boot using a local configuration file, it automatically Netboots the configur

B-1Appendix BImplementation NotesThis appendix contains implementation hints, reminders, and a few important notes you might have missed earlier in th

Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a NetworkB-2HintsThis section contains a few hints for setting up ASN routers.• We recommend that you first

Glossary-1 Glossary802.3 IEEE standard for Ethernet LANs.an.exeRouter software image containing executable files used to boot an AN or ANH.asn.exeRoute